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Battle of Mykonos
The Battle of Mykonos was a minor naval engagement fought in the main harbour of the Cycladic island of Mykonos on 17 June 1794 during the French Revolutionary Wars. A British Royal Navy squadron led by fourth rate ship HMS ''Romney'' was escorting a convoy of eight merchant ships westwards through the Aegean Sea to Smyrna when the French frigate ''Sibylle'' was sighted at anchor in the harbour of Mykonos town with three French merchant ships. Ordering the convoy to continue with the rest of the squadron, Captain William Paget diverted the 50-gun ''Romney'' to the port and demanded the surrender of the 40-gun French ship and its convoy.
The French Commodore Jacques-Mélanie Rondeau refused Paget's demands, and prepared to defend his ship. After some manoeuvering to ensure that the town was not within his firing arc, Paget brought ''Romney'' alongside the French frigate and for an hour and ten minutes the two vessels exchanged broadsides at close range. The engagement was hard fought and both ships suffered heavy casualties, but eventually the greater size of the two-decked ''Romney'' told over the smaller frigate and Rondeau surrendered. ''Sibylle'' was subsequently commissioned into the Royal Navy and in 1799 participated in a celebrated battle in the Indian Ocean against the French frigate ''Forte''.
==Background==
In August 1793, seven months after the British entry into the French Revolutionary Wars, the Royal Navy Mediterranean Fleet under Lord Hood seized control of Toulon, the principle naval base in Southern France, as well as the French Mediterranean Fleet anchored in the harbour.〔James, p.68〕 Although French Republican armies recaptured the city in December 1793 at the conclusion of the Siege of Toulon, a hastily-organised operation succeeded in destroying half the fleet and damaging most of the remainder. Parts of the French fleet were at sea during the siege and thus avoided capture or destruction, particularly frigates operating against British commerce.〔
During 1794, as the French fleet underwent repairs in Toulon, these frigates remained in operation across the Mediterranean. Once such ship was the newly-built 40-gun ''Sibylle'' under Commodore Jacques-Mélanie Rondeau, which was detached to operate independently in the Aegean Sea.〔 With the French fleet inactive, the Royal Navy focused their attention on the capture of Corsica, conducting sieges at Bastia and Calvi, with smaller forces sent out across the Mediterranean to escort convoys of merchant ships and hunt for the missing French frigates.〔Gardiner, p.108〕 One such force, sent in June 1794 from Naples to the Aegean Sea with a convoy of seven Dutch and one British merchant ships bound for Smyrna, consisted of the 50-gun fourth rate ship HMS ''Romney'' under Captain William Paget and three frigates HMS ''Inconstant'', HMS ''Leda'' and HMS ''Tartar''.〔James, p.207〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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